What Is Mendels Law of Segregation

The principles that govern heredity were discovered by a monk named Gregor Mendel in the 1860s. One of these principles, now called Mendels Law of Segregation, states that allele pairs separate or segregate during gamete formation and randomly unite at fertilization. The Four Concepts There are four main concepts related to this principle: A gene can exist in more than one form or allele.Organisms inherit two alleles for each trait.When sex cells are produced (by meiosis), allele pairs separate leaving each cell with a single allele for each trait.When the two alleles of a pair are different, one is dominant and the other is recessive. For example, the gene for seed color in pea plants exists in two forms. There is one form or allele for yellow seed color (Y) and another for green seed color (y). In this example, the allele for yellow seed color is dominant, and the allele for green seed color is recessive. When the alleles of a pair are different (heterozygous), the dominant allele trait is expressed, and the recessive allele trait is masked. Seeds with the genotype of (YY) or (Yy) are yellow, while seeds that are (yy) are green. Genetic Dominance Mendel formulated the law of segregation as a result of performing monohybrid cross experiments on plants. The specific traits that he studied exhibited complete dominance. In complete dominance, one phenotype is dominant, and the other is recessive. Not all types of genetic inheritance, however, show total dominance. In incomplete dominance, neither allele is completely dominant over the other. In this type of intermediate inheritance, the resulting offspring exhibit a phenotype that is a mixture of both parent phenotypes. Incomplete dominance is seen in snapdragon plants. Pollination between a plant with red flowers and one with white flowers produces a plant with pink flowers. In codominance relationships, both alleles for a trait are fully expressed. Codominance is exhibited in tulips. Pollination that occurs between red and white tulip plants can result in a plant with flowers that are both red and white. Some people get confused about the differences between incomplete dominance and codominance.

Position Paper - 1723 Words

Structured Position Paper Structured Position Paper SABIC SAUDI ARABIA Saudi Arabia- Riyadh 24/04/12 SABIC SAUDI ARABIA Saudi Arabia- Riyadh 24/04/12 Student Name SABIC Saudi Arabia considered one of the global market players, where at this paper I will highlight a commentary and analysis to the company vision and mission and a brief SOWT Analysis and company competitive advantage. Student Name SABIC Saudi Arabia considered one of the global market players, where at this paper I will highlight a commentary and analysis to the company vision and mission and a brief SOWT Analysis and company competitive advantage. Table of Contents Structure Position Paper 2 SABIC Saudi Arabia 2 SABIC Vision 2 SABIC Mission 2 SABIC Values 2 SABIC†¦show more content†¦The first of SABIC’s businesses to begin actual production was HADEED, which began producing steel products in 1982. In 1983, SABIC opened its new headquarters in Riyadh, and from that time SABIC expanded through various industries over various countries. SABIC went public in 1984, although the Saudi government maintained a 70 percent stake in the company, and its shareholder base was restricted to Saudi and other citizens in the GCC countries only. The newly public company began its first marketing efforts, with access to Saudi Arabia’s huge gas reserves, SABIC was able to enter the market with some of the lowest feedstock costs in the industry. Indeed, SABIC’s arrival forced a shift among the industry’s previous major players, many of which moved farther downstream in petrochemicals production, while others exited a number of markets entirely. At the same time, the company’s Gulf location placed it close to both European and, especially, fast growing Asian markets. SABIC’s production was 6.5 million metric tons in 1985. Five years later production rose to 13 million tons; by 2003 production had risen to 42 million metric tons; it reached 56 million metric tons in 2008 and it is planning to raise its production to over 130 million tons by 2020 through various strategies such as local expansions, acquisitions, and joint ventures. SWOT analysis StrengthsShow MoreRelatedThe Effect Of New Media On The Position Paper1705 Words   |  7 PagesThe Effect of New Media on the Position Paper Written in the Department of State Introduction The United States Department of State was founded on July 27, 1789. This institution moves forward under its mission statement, which is â€Å"to shape and sustain a peaceful, prosperous, just, and democratic world and foster conditions for stability and progress for the benefit of the American people and people everywhere† (State Dept Website). 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Contributors to the Evolution of American Higher Education System Free Essays

The evolution of Higher Educational System the United States can be attributed from several components. Among these attributes are the 1944 GI Bill of Rights and the appointment of the President’s Commission on Higher Education by President Truman in 1946. Such significant contributions not only greatly affected the American Education System during those times but also served as catalysts that continue to benefit the modern society. We will write a custom essay sample on Contributors to the Evolution of American Higher Education System or any similar topic only for you Order Now These also paved the way improvement, acceleration and the widening the system of education as well as has opened opportunities for Americans of past, present and future generations. The significant development of the American higher education system can be traced from the enactment by President Franklin Roosevelt on June 22, 1944 of the â€Å"GI Bill of Rights† which was also called as the â€Å"Servicemen’s Readjustment Act of 1944† (cited in Greenberg, 2007, p. 47). The law changed the American economic and social standpoints since among its provisions provided veterans of World War II an easy and immediate financial assistance by means of unemployment insurance. Most importantly, the law gave American veterans big opportunities such as vocational and practical activities relating to college learning as well as free access to housing and business loans (Greenberg, 2007). One of the permanent legacies of the GI Bill of Rights is now the ordinary impression that anyone can and should have education irrespective of â€Å"age, sex, race, religion, or family status† (Greenberg, 2007, p. 49). The law was also noted for bringing back the veterans’ interest in education, majority of who have not achieved even secondary diplomas because of the World War II. With the provision of a better quality of higher education which the veterans have longed for, the law provided a broad and lasting acceptance of the notion that learning, particularly post-secondary or college education is the Americans’ pathway to an improved employment and life (Greenberg, 2007). Aside from providing Americans from all walks of life a practical access to higher education, the GI Bill of Rights has also altered the definition of college learning in public awareness starting from 1950s until today. Before the war, the system was characterized mostly by â€Å"private, liberal arts, small-college, rural, residential, elitist, and often discriminatory from institution to institution with respect to race and religion† (Greenberg, 2007, p. 50). However, the current higher education system now is noticeably public that centers on â€Å"occupational, technical, and scientific education, huge, urban-oriented, suitable for commuter attendance, and highly democratic† (Greenberg, 2007, p. 50). At present, the system focuses and offers quality cultural, learning and financial aspects of higher education instead of just authorization of the upper members of the society. Lastly, the law is best noted as one factor that led to tremendous social change. Since there was shake up of perspectives as regards â€Å"sex, religion, and race,† the law subjected even the ordinary Americans to liberated ideas of the society by means of higher education (Greeberg, 2007, p. 51). Meanwhile, a lot of veterans returned to college or post-secondary education in 1946. The heavy influx of students and industrialization of the economy, however, overstressed the system, curriculum and facilities. Additionally, the increasing number of war veterans studying again aggravated the existing educational problems being experienced by regular college students. This is because the group of veterans has to struggle it out with the American youth in their pursuit of a quality higher education. Hence, both the two groups increased the demands of college education. However, government assets and means of instrument are unable to adapt with the requirements such as an increased enrollees as well as variety of needs and involvements of both the veterans and youth as college students (Alexander, 1998). With the above situation in 1946, President Truman established a â€Å"President’s Commission on Higher Education† and said that â€Å"we should now reexamine our system of higher education in terms of its objectives, methods, and facilities; and in the light of the social role it has to play† (President’s Commission on Higher Education, 1947). The committee was composed of 28 prominent and outstanding Americans such as professionals and laymen like George F. Zook. The group immediately worked and in December of 1947, made a 377-page report titled â€Å"Higher Education for American Democracy† which was composed of six volumes under the following titles: â€Å"Establishing the Goals, Equalizing and Expanding Individual Opportunity, Organizing Higher Education, Staffing Higher Education, Financing Higher Education and Resource Data† (President’s Commission on Higher Education, 1947, pp. 1-3, 5-8, 25-29, 32-39, 47-49). With a task to carry out what President Truman has said and define the obligations of colleges and universities, the commissions worked it out with the said educational facilities but were initially unsatisfied with the results. This is because education experts noted an apprehensive sense of failure or defect in the system. They also felt that the facilities are unable to keep up with the pace of the ever-changing state of the system as the society. Additionally, they see a need to re-pattern everything in order to meet the needs and address the concerns of the veterans and youth students which eventually will bring out the effectiveness of the modern education and system and society Moreover, the escalating desire of Americans to aspire for college education and critical necessity for such effective system became the determining factors for the need to improve the execution of the conventional tasks. This, in effect, eventually enabled the system, to assume the new challenge such the as re-entry in college of war veterans as the growing number of youth students, who are both motivated to improve their worth as a free and educated Americans (Alexander, 1998). The above-cited commission and measure are both significant as they greatly contributed on the evolution of the American Higher Education System. This is because the improved system of American higher education enabled the achievement of a more quality of living and democracy in the country for the reason that the benefits equally extended to all citizens. The GI Bill of Rights and 1947 President’s Commission on Higher Education have proven their existence and worth because they paved the way for renouncing the unfair education practices of discrimination and separation. Moreover, the said two contributors have resulted in leaders’ realization of the importance of quality and accessible college education system and equal opportunities in life. Ultimately, higher education system should be targeted at weakening as well as getting rid of learning discrimination and eventually establishing attitude that will offer the system freely accessible to all Americans. References Alexander, F. K. (1998). The President’s Commission Higher Education for Democracy, 1947. The American College and University EOL 474. Retrieved June 20, 2008 from University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign database. Greenberg, M. (2007). The GI Bill of Rights. Historians on America: Decisions that Made America (pp. 46-54). Washington, DC: U. S. Department of State’s Bureau of International Information Programs President’s Commission on Higher Education. (1947). Higher Education for American Democracy: A Report of the President’s Commission on Higher Education. Washington, D. C. : Government Printing Office.a How to cite Contributors to the Evolution of American Higher Education System, Papers

Protest Music Tupac Shakur Essay Example For Students

Protest Music Tupac Shakur Essay The Role of Protest Music The harmonious song Changes was written by Tuba Shaker. Changes was written during his tenure with Interstice records in 1992. It was produced by Demon Evans, who had worked with Shaker on various other songs. After the tragic shooting death of Tuba, the song was remixed with the song Thats The Way It Is by Bruce Horns. Shaker was notorious for rapping on the unjust that was going on in America during the late sass and early sass. This song had such a great impact on the listener because it was so raw and exactly what many listeners needed around this time. Tuba Shaker was born in Harlem on June 16 1971. His father, mother and numerous family members were active with the Black Panthers, a black revolutionary socialist organization in the United States from 1966 until 1982. Society around him, especially in the black communities of America, influenced Tubas music. After a high speed chase in March 1991, the police brutally beat Rodney King. A bystander recorded the incident and this footage was used as evidence in court for the cases of the four Caucasian police officers. The trial took place in Simi Valley, a predominantly white suburb, in front of a Jury with no African American Jurors. These officers were found not guilty. This verdict ignited the fuel that was already hovering over the Black community, thus causing the LA riots. The song Changes became so influential to the youth of LA, especially because this was literally a song about change in how blacks were portrayed and how blacks treat themselves. This song became the soundtrack of this time period, played against the backdrop of the black community winding their way on a downward spiral of destruction, and a lot of this destruction was self- conflicting. The following lyrics show the dire need for camaraderie between blacks n their own community: l got love for my brother, but we can never go nowhere/ unless we share with each other. We goat start making changes. /Learn to see me as a brother stead of 2 distant strangers. (Tuba. Changes. Interstice, 1992. CD. ). Tuba was far from discreet when it came to him expressing his political and social views. It was inevitable that his political preferences would be quite radical due to his upbringing. Tuba grew up around revolutionaries. He Joined a Communist organization as a young man and stuck to his views of fiscal equality and far-left economic ideas into adulthood. When asked if he supports the violent aspects to communism he responded: Is it a crime to fight for what is mine? This quote depicts how strongly he believed in the communism movement. This influenced his music greatly. He refers to the Constitution and Statue of Liberty as hypocrisies. Shakers message in Changes was clear as water. He addressed the problems that was going on in that current society, and came up with a solution, thus causing a change. The problems were the hardships black people faced specifically police brutality. He expressed that the ongoing problems will not change until black Protest M usic Tuba Shaker By bridgeable lyrics he states that every aspects of the black mind needs to change to produce success in the community: We goat make a change/lets time for us as a people to start making some changes/Lets change the way we eat, lets change the way we live/ and lets change the way we treat each Ethernet see the old way wasnt working so its on us to do what we goat do, to survive (Tuba. Changes. Interstice, 1992. CD. ). This song is unarguably powerful. It causes you to self-reflect. Blacks are not depicted as the victim of oppression but as the oppressor, having social boundaries as their weapon of choice. .u136c5c7357c5ff35baf50e0ed8a089ea , .u136c5c7357c5ff35baf50e0ed8a089ea .postImageUrl , .u136c5c7357c5ff35baf50e0ed8a089ea .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u136c5c7357c5ff35baf50e0ed8a089ea , .u136c5c7357c5ff35baf50e0ed8a089ea:hover , .u136c5c7357c5ff35baf50e0ed8a089ea:visited , .u136c5c7357c5ff35baf50e0ed8a089ea:active { border:0!important; } .u136c5c7357c5ff35baf50e0ed8a089ea .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u136c5c7357c5ff35baf50e0ed8a089ea { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u136c5c7357c5ff35baf50e0ed8a089ea:active , .u136c5c7357c5ff35baf50e0ed8a089ea:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u136c5c7357c5ff35baf50e0ed8a089ea .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u136c5c7357c5ff35baf50e0ed8a089ea .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u136c5c7357c5ff35baf50e0ed8a089ea .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u136c5c7357c5ff35baf50e0ed8a089ea .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u136c5c7357c5ff35baf50e0ed8a089ea:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u136c5c7357c5ff35baf50e0ed8a089ea .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u136c5c7357c5ff35baf50e0ed8a089ea .u136c5c7357c5ff35baf50e0ed8a089ea-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u136c5c7357c5ff35baf50e0ed8a089ea:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Lip Syncing and Vocal Performance EssayTuba definitely made his listener want to make changes within themselves and their community which they did. The role of protest music is influential. A lot of change could come from it, more than expected even from the artist themselves. The following lyrics Tuba talks about the once phenomenon of having an African American president: And although it seems heaven sentence mint ready to see a Black President. (Tuba. Changes. Interstice, 1992. CD. ). Less than 2 decades later, we have a black president in power and I confidently can say Tuba had an impact on the Black mind and how they saw themselves.