Enron Scandal with Code of Ethics Free Essays

Arthur Andersen Limited Liability Partnership was one of the â€Å"Big Five† bookkeeping firm who giving examining, charge and counseling administrations to huge enterprises. This is a bookkeeping firm that held by notoriety and trust by open and financial specialist however it confronting chapter 11 at long last. Ahead of schedule of the twentieth century, invertors don’t realize who can be trust on the grounds that there was spread of business outrages. We will compose a custom article test on Enron Scandal with Code of Ethics or on the other hand any comparable theme just for you Request Now All they need was examiners. Andersen sets up an organization to be trusted. He and his inspectors will check and authentication the organization accounts if the records were genuinely and precisely. Andersen encourages his accomplices to focus on open needs as opposed to the benefit of organization make. After 1950s, the organization power to market for the happening to Information Technology time yet it despite everything keeps its notoriety. Be that as it may, to win the best clients, they should pull in another age of workers. The new chief was quick to investigate more clients. They review and declaration more records and made bigger benefits for their organization. Andersen ensured the records for exploitative organization from John DeLorean to Enron and WorldCom. The code of morals which Andersen against are: 1. Standard I (A) Knowledge of the Law. Individuals and Candidates must comprehend and consent to every single pertinent law, rules, and guidelines (counting the CFA Institute Code of Ethics and Standards of Professional Conduct) of any legislature, administrative association, permitting organization, or expert affiliation administering their expert exercises. In case of contention, Members and Candidates must agree to the more severe law, rule, or guideline. Individuals and Candidates must not purposely take part or aid and should separate from any infringement of such laws, rules, or guidelines. An instance of John DeLorean, the author of the DeLorean Motor Company who goes Ireland to constructs his fantasy vehicle. English government edgy to make work and gave 80 million pound. It was Andersen liable for the cash he spends. Be that as it may, DeLorean go through the cash not have a place with him. He will spend the organization subsidize s of acquisition of hardware for finishing his homes. He arranges two Mercedes Benz, one send to his significant other use in California. DeLorean requests to pay 17 million dollar to his Swiss financial balance call GDP. All in all, DeLorean do nothing with the fantasy vehicle. In spite of the fact that the Code and standard don't necessitated that individuals and applicants report infringement to their legislative or administrative associations however firmly urges individuals to report infringement. Andersen should report DeLorean who go through the cash which are not identified with the improvement of dream vehicle and the cash was not having a place with him. They shouldn’t partake in criminal operations such assistance DeLorean to cover the reality and observe the principles and guidelines. . Standard I (B) Independence and Objectivity. Individuals and Candidates must utilize sensible consideration and judgment to accomplish and keep up autonomy and objectivity in their expert exercises. Individuals and Candidates must not offer, request, or acknowledge any blessing, advantage, remuneration, or thought tha t sensibly could be relied upon to bargain their own or another’s autonomy and objectivity. If there should arise an occurrence of WorldCom, who was one of the organization who utilize bogus record to procuring benefit by hoodwink open. After the outrage, WorldCom was the biggest liquidation in U. S. history. It prompted a domino impact of bookkeeping and like corporate outrages that keep on discoloring American strategic approaches and the establishment of monetary. Thousand hundred of financial specialists lost their life sparing. Arthur Andersen underscores proficient view and executes autonomy and objectivity which were declining to authentication deceptive records. New age of representatives who work in Andersen ought to follow the reasoning and perspective on the establisher. Despite the fact that they need to grow their business, yet they should work freedom to report or decline to declaration exploitative records, not helping them to beguile open. . Standard I (D) Members and Candidates must not participate in any expert lead including deceptive nature, extortion, or misdirection or submit any demonstration that considers unfavorably their expert notoriety, uprightness, or skill. Arthur Andersen has engaged with untrustworthiness act which was making bogus bookkeeping. The organiz ation has misfortune its notoriety once the outrage burst out. More or less, all organization ought to adhere to rules and guideline. Else, it might hurt thousands even a large number of individuals lost their life sparing or paying off debtors. Step by step instructions to refer to Enron Scandal with Code of Ethics, Papers

Reflective Paper free essay sample

Scholarly genuineness is to give credit to the individuals who worked for it not to the individuals who cheat. In this way, scholarly genuineness has two significant objectives for example shield understudies from cheating and perceive the individuals who give training. Scholarly uprightness originates from genuineness in instruction, research and learning. Scholarly genuineness is extraordinary compared to other good practices and will make you honest and solid in your life time. It instructs you to get dependable and build up regard of others and their values.Academic trustworthiness plays a basic assignment in the development of understudies and help them to pep seeking after their instructive objectives with pride, honesty and esteem for school grounds. Scholastic trustworthiness significance isn't just viable, yet additionally useful in keeping up the elevated requirements of grant in the school. In any higher learning establishment scholastic opportunity is an essential right. These are the significant preconditions of trustworthiness and honesty for the scholarly opportunity. We will compose a custom article test on Intelligent Paper or on the other hand any comparative point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Scholarly uprightness discovers its beginning in the principal estimations of genuineness, resistance, regard, thoroughness, decency, and the quest for truth (Lewis Clark, n. . ). Deceptive nature is very harming to everybody and adds doubt n option to abhorrence to scholarly rivalry, and it contorts the feeling of evaluations. On the off chance that scholastic misdirection is broad or set up even implicitly, it can debilitate and unsettle our continuous endeavors. As far as observation about what establishes cheating and the beginning of defective discernments, understudies regularly accuse their cheating for instructors inability to disclose cheating satisfactorily or to authorize scholastic genuineness (Hon., Sierra and Yea-Shush, 2010). The greater part of the understudy feels that cheating is innocuous yet in all actuality it has extensive effects.If you cheat, in any case, you achieve it, you are doing mouthing that is morally off-base and out of line to yourself and to different understudies. Scholarly deceptive nature will likewise bamboozles your capacity to learn, and that may bring about genuine punishments, including course disappointment and even removal from school, a cheating can undoubtedly turn into a propensity. One of the most significant instructive duties of an organization of advanced education is to train all who enter its lobbies an ongoing honesty in the treatment of topic. Realizing what establishes scholastic trustworthiness is too imperative to even think about leaving to risk. Scholastic trustworthiness is a basic worth held by colleges and schools. At the point when understudies act genuinely in their scholarly undertakings, the understudies information and aptitudes can be precisely assessed and they will be bound to effectively start their new vocations, at last profiting their managers. Consequently, scholastic trustworthiness benefits the understudies proficient future, yet in addition makes useful for society while keeping up the college or universities reputation.The morals of scholarly genuineness is another significant ideological instrument. The morals of scholastic genuineness verifiably asserts that since cheating isn't right the work performed by understudies is in reality Very significant or the general public and for the understudy. Obviously, the scholarly morals express case is conversely developed: the work is significant, accordin gly, one will not swindle. Most moral cases, be that as it may, attempt to demonstrate their premises as opposed to ends (Kidskin, 2005). Too essential to even think about leaving to chance.Moreover, the establishments for such genuineness are less and less inclined to be brought into the foundation by propensities instilled by the way of life on the loose. Many recognized establishments underscore the significance of scholastic trustworthiness through a rule of relying on trust, requiring every understudy to promise that work submitted for a given task has been done thou ill-conceived help or unapproved allotment. Numerous schools are currently concentrating on finding a way to revitalize their respect code arrangements and assess the odds of usage of respect codes just because.

EasyBib Plus Spotlight Create Footnotes

EasyBib Plus Spotlight Create Footnotes (0) Did you know that EasyBib Plus has a feature that allows users to create footnotes? If you are using the Chicago Manual of Style 16th edition format, you can quickly create footnotes that work alongside the citations in your bibliography. Just follow these simple steps while logged in to EasyBib Plus: 1. Create your bibliographic citation normally, filling out the appropriate form on . 2. Once you get the final correct citation, click the drop down beneath it labeled “more.” 3. Click on the option labeled “footnote.” 4. This will open the Footnote Wizard which will display the basic, initial version of your footnote. The information in the footnote is based off of information from your bibliographic citation. 5. Input the page number (if applicable) for where you found the cited information in your source. 6. Click “save.” Then presto! Your correctly formatted footnote is generated. Happy citing! Looking for other citation styles like MLA format? Try ! It can help you create an APA citation, MLA works cited page, and other kinds of citations easily and quickly.

Exploring the Possibility of a Government Cover-Up with...

In late November of the year 1963, President John Fitzgerald Kennedy visited the state of Texas. While there he planned to attend a lunch in Dallas to raise money for the Democratic party. It was decided that the President would travel by motorcade from the airfield at which he landed in Dallas to this fundraiser. Unfortunately, President Kennedy never arrived at this lunch. As the Presidential motorcade drove through an area in Dallas known as Dealey Plaza, shots rang out. One of these shots fatally struck President Kennedy in the head. The motorcade immediately sped out Dealey Plaza and headed to the nearest hospital, Parkland Memorial (Report of the Presidents Commission). The events that occurred in Dealey Plaza on that fateful day of†¦show more content†¦Initial reports on Conally’s wounds stated he was hit in the back, the wrist, and the thigh. Reports on Kennedy stated that he was hit in the throat and fatally in the head. While Air Force One flew back to Washi ngton D.C. Vice President Lyndon Baines Johnson was sworn in as the new President of the United States, while a blood soaked Jacqueline Kennedy, now John Kennedy’s widow, looked on (President Kennedy Assassinated). On November 29, 1963, Lyndon B. Johnson signed Executive Order No. 11130. This order called for the formation of a commission to investigate the assassination of John F. Kennedy. The commission was headed by Chief Justice Earl Warren, and is commonly referred to as the Warren Commission. Since the main suspect in the assassination, Lee Harvey Oswald, was killed by Jack Ruby while in police custody, the possibility of Oswald confessing was eliminated. Therefore, the commission was formed to determine who killed Kennedy, how they did so, and why they did it. The commission concluded that there were three shots fired in Dealey Plaza. They based this conclusion upon the fact that three spent bullet cartridges were found on the sixth floor of the Texas School Book Depos itory, along with a high powered rifle. According to the commission, this rifle was incriminating evidence against Lee Harvey Oswald. The rifle was identifiedShow MoreRelatedThe Kennedy Assassinations By John F. Kennedy Essay1486 Words   |  6 Pages Decades later, the Kennedy assassinations and surrounding mysteries continue holding public interest. Although their notoriety as charismatic leaders is a significant contribution, other factors regarding societal psychology deserve consideration whilst exploring this phenomenon. With these events occurring during a time that allows living witnesses, modern accessible evidence, various media coverage, and visible modern impact, the mysterious Kennedy assassinations have the capacity to encourageRead MoreProject Managment Case Studies214937 Words   |  860 PagesEDITION - PROJECT MANAGEMENT CASE STUDIES, SECOND EDITION HAROLD KERZNER, Ph.D. Division of Business Administration Baldwin-Wallace College Berea, Ohio John Wiley Sons, Inc. This book is printed on acid-free paper. @ Copyright O 2006 by John Wiley Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Published by John Wiley Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey Published simultaneously in Canada No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in anyRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 PagesSouthern Life Lisa M. 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Dev cou ds o d renew †¢ ndre an in 26 g hu rnative ply. y i tt i n nerg mm y to alte rsify sup y wn e †¢ Co uall e ur o fficienc n o div an gies t de o e e ma sing our ener , hav a 1992 by incre ce †¢ Sin further go 4%. by 2 n: Take epsRead MoreManagement Course: Mba−10 General Management215330 Words   |  862 Pagesclearly under enormous stress. To maintain business growth and a sustained economy, it is essential for managers to understand and find solutions for these and other fundamental wide-ranging issues. The bursting of the high-tech bubble both in many start-up companies and in major segments of established firms dissipated many entrepreneurial efforts and the large sums of money that were spent to create organizations that never earned a profit and were often hugely unsuccessful as business entities. However

Organizational Chart For An Organization - 3340 Words

Abstract For many years, large corporations have used a particular diagram/chart to organize their company. Since sophomore year in college, the organization of the organizational chart was interesting. The organizational chart is formatted in three different formats such a Hierarchical, Matrix and Horizontal. Each form can be used for various companies and organizations depending on how big the group is. Even though there are different formats they all still give the same information. Each organizational chart will allow the company to show and see how the company works together to make the corporation successful. Also, the diagram will show all jobs positions with a detailed job description and will describe how each department relates†¦show more content†¦Finally, we will discuss the utilization of the organizational chart as a management tool. Structure is an entity made up of elements or parts (such as people, resources) that impact each other by the relationship they create. A structural relationship is one in which the various parts act upon each other, and consequently generate particular types of behavior. (Fritz, 1996:4) In his classic Corporate Tides, Fritz arguments that in practice organizational structures are hardly designed in a thoughtful fashion. Minor structures developed into larger ones and individual divisions convert into the focus of directorial power. Fritz says that (1996:5): Departments and divisions become entrenched as power systems. Fritz also debates that organizations are structured either to spread or to hesitate. When an organization expands or spreads, it is an active movement from one stage to another stage. The Fundamental to a structural advancement is the idea of the resolution when a result is accomplished, and a particular issue is fixed. According to Fritz (1996:6), management in an organization that is structured to advance coordinate individual acts into an organizational tapestry of an effective strategy. The alternative is structural oscillation. Fritz (1996:6) says this: Oscillating behavior is that which moves from one place to another, but then moves back towards its original position. There have been many organizations to be

Gender Roles Seen in Toys Free Essays

Gender Roles and Toys By Shawna Robb English 101 Professor Solomon One room has pretty pink wallpaper with a princess border; the other is blue with monster trucks on one-wall and sports pictures on another. It is not hard to tell which room is female and which room is male. Male and female are used in this instance to define genders. We will write a custom essay sample on Gender Roles Seen in Toys or any similar topic only for you Order Now Gender, unlike sex, is a universal guideline upon which individuals are placed. Gender refers to the socially constructed roles, behavior, and activities that a particular society considers appropriate for men and women. When the pressure of gender stereotypes is open to debate some say there are prenatal influences that are gender based. What is obvious is that gender plays a significant role when it comes to the toys people select for their children and the way that toy companies market them. â€Å"Toys-R-Us† is a United States based toy company who has been taken to task for marketing designs that reflect or promote gender specific toys. It is wrong that toy stores, like â€Å"Toy’s-R-Us†, clearly divides the toys by gender in stores and in toy advertisements because it teaches children how they are supposed to be in order to be accepted by society, promotes aggressive behavior for males and a passive attitude for females. Stereotypical boy toys are things like action figures and toy cars. These are both active and aggressive, which is â€Å"masculine† representing how men are supposed to be in society. Girl’s toys are often dolls, dress up, and toys that mimic household duties. That is stereotypical because its saying girls are passive, not active. It is setting standards that girls belong in the home for their future while boys get doctor kits or chemistry sets that give them higher goals. Introducing children to these gender role ideas this early is shaping them for the rest of their lives. The world’s leading fast food franchise has an interest in the gender of its young customers. At McDonalds a very popular child’s meal is the happy meal. When a Happy Meal is ordered the worker always asks if the child is a boy or a girl. This lets the worker know what type of toy to put in with the meal. The McDonalds worker could ask if the customer wants a hot wheels or a mini Barbie but instead they learn the gender of the customer and stereotypically provide the toy. Toy stores separate their store by toys for girls and toys for boys. The girl isle has stereotypical girl colors like pink, purple, and yellow. All of these colors are light when the boy’s section has colors like red, blue’s, black, brown and green. All of the boy’s colors are darker and less â€Å"pretty†. Just from that quick look down the isle one can notice which is for girls versus boys. The dark colors are less southing and action oriented. The girl colors, are lighter making them much more calm and subdued. This same pattern can be seen in advertisements on television. Female directed commercials are light colors, with softer music usually having lyrics that explain the toy and giving passive examples for what can be done with the toy. Boy’s commercials however have the message that they are going to go out and do something active with the toy. The music for masculine toys is generally uplifting and motivating, which makes a boy excited to play with the toy. Commercials cannot be avoided and they reach almost all boys and girls on a day-to-day basis. One interesting area in looking at the influences of toys and gender is the advertising of toys relative to levels of aggression. The television airwaves are filled with toy advertising. Is there a relationship between this advertising and levels of violence, does this relationship show a gender bias? For example a parent might wonder if the purchase of â€Å"boy oriented† toys for their child might increase the child’s risk for becoming violent. The parent might also wonder if merely watching the advertisements themselves increase children’s risk for becoming violent. In 2001 Kilinger, Hamilton and Cantrell offered the observation that the use of commercials to sell children’s toy products could have a socialization impact on children similar to that of television programming. Bandura’s Social Learning Theory says, â€Å"human behavior is transmitted, whether deliberately or inadvertently, largely through exposure to social models†(Bandura 1). When a child thinks that a behavior will be punished versus rewarded but instead is not even acknowledged they will perceive it as a reward. Children usually continue rewarded behavior to receive more praise. Television is seen as a â€Å"super tutor† to Bandura, the child will model what they see on television, not knowing if it is good or bad. For those children whose parents are not good role models, the television becomes the behavioral role model. If violence and aggression is viewed on the television, it is more likely that children will engage in violent and aggressive behavior. While television can model appropriate behavior, there is a well-documented tendency for violence and aggression. Advertisements are difficult to avoid since they are interwoven in shows and they tend to emphasize violent and aggressive behavior (Kilinger 13). In the study by Kilinger, Hamilton and Cantrell they observed â€Å"children’s perceptions of aggressive content, stereotypic sex-role behavior, and appropriateness of television toy commercials†(Kilinger, 11). The results of the study support the notion that there is a gender bias in terms of aggressive content and consequently aggression potential. The results did show that toys and the advertisements for them aimed toward boys were more aggressive than that of the toys that are gender neutral or aimed toward girls. The commercials shown were clearly sex role stereotyped. This is consistent with other research that has supported the idea that boys are more socialized toward aggression. Boys may be more desensitized to aggression as a result of gender stereotyped toy commercials as well as their toy selections in the past. Again, this is a reason for concern since commercials are unavoidable while watching television. While the promotion of aggression is certainly an adequate reason to exercise great care when it comes to toy and gender, it is not the only reason. Parents do support gender bias toys from the time the child is born. More often than not, a boy will receive toys that are focused towards boys and girls will receive stereotypical girl toys. The children do not go out and buy this themselves; their parents will pick out their toys until the child is already taught what they should like. Parent’s will find out they are having a boy or a girl then base everything around that detail, like the room color example, children and baby clothes are also gender biased as well as their toys. When the girl is playing with girl toys she will be rewarded for the â€Å"right† interests, as would a boy playing with a boy toy. They will then continue this behavior to get their parent’s approval. If a father see’s their son playing with a Barbie doll or asking to be a princess, their father might redirect them saying those are girl things urging them to play with a male biased toy. One thing Social Learning Theory has assumed is that reinforcement and punishment is the means by which parents socialize children. The study named â€Å"Parental Socialization of Young Children’s Play†, done by Eisenberg, Wolchik, Hernandez and Pasternack, observed the parent’s involvement with enforcing gender stereotypes. This study found that parents do reward their children for same-sex toy play. It is not only the toy companies that enforce gender roles in toys; the people raising the child are also responsible for teaching stereotypical thinking. The idea that cross-sexed interests are wrong does come from society and children start learning this from the time they are born. (Eisenberg, Wolchik, Hernandez and Pasternack 1506). A thirteen-year-old Swedish boy, Hannes Psajd, spoke out about the gender focused toys in â€Å"Toys-R-Us†. Hannes said that the 2008 â€Å"Toys-R-Us† Christmas Catalog showed boys playing with different toys than girls do. The boy said that he and his sister always play with the same toys and there is nothing wrong with that. Psajd said that it sends the wrong message to girls, since they are playing with only passive toys. Hannes stated â€Å"boys want to be princesses sometimes†(Landes 1), demonstrating that this store does not only discriminate against girls. When the claim was looked into by a regulatory committee they stated that, â€Å"Toys-R-Us discriminates based on gender and counteracts positive social behavior, lifestyles, and attitudes†(1). This shows that children do recognize this problem if it is brought to their attention. The problem of toys defining gender roles does not completely rest  rest with â€Å"Toys-R-Us† but is a societal problem. Society has created the gender roles we now have and these roles are often strict. While it will take time to make fundamental changes in gender bias a starting point could be the creation of more gender-neutral toys. These toys would have to find their way into homes and that could be a function of the advertising that is currently part of the problem. Parents need to be educated to nurture more flexible gender roles and allow children to explore their interests, even if this interest violates stereotypical norms. Boys and girls should have equal opportunity to play with a doll or a monster truck. Children are taught gender roles from the time they are born, toys are one way that this is taught to them. In a toy store like â€Å"Toys-R-Us†, it is clear to see which isle is for boys and which one is for girls. The colors and stereotypical gender bias toys show the clear division in the store between feminine versus masculine toys. Television advertisements depict females as being passive while they promote aggressive behavior for males, this can lead to boys acting violently in the future. Parents sometimes scold children who play with cross-sex toys, which will teach the child not to repeat this behavior. Gender roles teach a child what they are supposed to be, feminine or masculine, and toys to play a part in enforcing these gender stereotypes. Works Cited Bandura, Albert. â€Å"Psychological Modeling: Conflicting Theories†. Chicago: Aldine Atherton, 1971. Print. Eisenberg, Nancy, Walchik, Sharlene A. Hernandez, Robert, Pasternack, Jeannette F. â€Å"Parental Socialization of Young Children’s Play: A Short-Term Longitudinal Study. † Child Development 56. 6 (1985): 1506-13. ERIC. EBSCO. Web. 5 Apr. 2011. Klinger, Lori J. , James A. Hamilton, Cantrell, Peggy J. â€Å"Children’s Perceptions of Aggressive and Gender-Specific Content in Toy Commercials. † Social Behavior and Per sonality 29. 1 (2001): 11-20. PsycINFO. EBSCO. Web. 5 Apr. 2011. Landes, David. â€Å"Toys‘R’Us Scolded for Gender Discrimination. † The Local: Sweden’s News in English. 6 October 2009. Print. How to cite Gender Roles Seen in Toys, Papers

Yale University Accepts Largest Class in History

Yale stands out among the Ivy League schools this year, not because of a record-low acceptance rate, but rather, because the acceptance rate has increased. Yale University will be expanding its undergraduate enrollment by an additional 800 students, increasing its undergraduate student body from 5,400 to 6,200. This year’s admission results reflect the university initial efforts, as two new residential colleges, Benjamin Franklin College and Pauli Murray College, will be opening its doors for freshmen this Fall. This will increase Yale’s residential colleges from 12 to 14. Even with the largest application pool of 32,900 students, Yale offered admissions to 2,272 studentsan overall acceptance rate of 6.9%, an increase by 0.7% compared to last year. Of admitted students, 871 of them were admitted early from a pool of 5,086 applicants. An additional 48 students were accepted via the QuestBridge National College Match Program, a program that helps high-achieving, low income students gain admission to top US universities. 1,401 students were accepted from the pool of 27,814 regular applicants, joining the early admitted students to make up Yale’s admitted Class of 2021. Yale will continue its policy of providing financial aid for low-income students, especially with the aid expansion that will begin 2017-2018. This new expansion follows Harvard’s program in providing students who are eligible with a â€Å"Start-Up Fund† to help purchasing additional resources for college. Yale is looking to increase its freshmen class by 15% this Fall with a class size of 1,550 students.Congratulations to the Yale Class of 2021! To those still waiting on results, good luck! Check out our list of major admission decision release dateshere. Don’t let your application essays and materials go to waste. Join otherYale Admitsand turn your success into insights for future applicants bycreating a profile. Plus, you get to earn some extra money!

California Government Structure Essays

California Government Structure Essays California Government Structure Essay California Government Structure Essay Structure of California’s Government Headed by the governor of the state, the state govt. of CA replicates the Federal govt. It has three branches that perform their assigned tasks and keep within the limits set by the constitution. These branches are: Legislature Executive Judiciary While this division has been created to give structure to the government and ensure its smooth and effective functioning, there is, more importantly, the need to keep the power of the branches in check and to make them accountable to each other. There is a system of ‘checks and balances’ that comes into play with this segregation of duties and separation of power. This system’s inception has been attributed to Montesquieu. (Wikipedia. org) Governor The governor is the head of the state and commander of the state’s militia, and he is the supreme executive power (ca. gov). He addresses the legislature with the state address at the beginning of the session, informing the body of the situation, the needs, and the recommendations for legislative action. He can require, by proclamation, a â€Å"special session† of the legislature to act on subjects specially specified by him. He also presents the legislature with the proposed budget and can refuse to sign a bill that can only become a law with his approval. Here again he is limited in his ‘veto’ power because he can be overridden by a two-thirds majority vote in both houses. (Capitol museum. gov) Legislature CA has a ‘bicarmel’ legislature, i. e. it has two separate legislative chambers, the Senate (40 members) and the Assembly (80 members). While the senators stand guard to the ‘liberty of the commonwealth’, the assembly members are bound to passing just laws that ‘represent and protect all the citizens of CA’. Both senators and assembly members do most of their work in committees (policy, rules, joint, special, and fiscal), and Legislators analyze, consult, debate, and hear testimony from both private and public interests on every bill. †Bicarmelism† is intended to reduce the ‘relative’ power of the legislature by having â€Å"different modes of election and different principles of action† (an argument instituted against the Seventeenth Amendment) Executive Responsible for administering and enforcing the law in the state, this branch is headed by the governor and comprises of many state departments that are headed by elected, appointed, and hired officials. Passing of a Bill To truly understand the process undergone and the roles played by the legislature and the executive to make a bill a law, let us examine the recent BILL NUMBER: AB 38 introduced on December 4, 2006, which was signed by the governor on 9/27/2008 and would become effective legislation on January 1, 2009. ( leginfo. a. gov) The actions of the senate and the assembly, hearings, debates, amendments, voting are evident in the timeline of the bill in the legislature: Signed by the Governor (executive head) of CA on September 27, 2008 PASSED THE SENATE AUGUST 21, 2008 PASSED THE ASSEMBLY AUGUST 29, 2008 AMENDED IN SENATE AUGUST 18, 2008 AMENDED IN SENATE AUGUST 11, 2008 AMENDED IN SENATE AUGUST 4, 2008 AMENDED IN SENATE JUNE 17, 2008 AMENDED IN SENATE MAY 6, 2008 AMENDED IN SENATE APRIL 14, 2008 AMENDED IN ASSEMBLY MAY 1, 2007 AMENDED IN ASSEMBLY MARCH 8, 2007 These dates and stages are a clear indication of the fact that the actual legislation is shaped and polished in the legislature, and that the executive body has little to contribute to its becoming a law. Veto power is certainly a resort, but it gives limited maneuverability to the governor. This is an example of cooperation of the two branches. â€Å"Assembly Bill 38 merges the Governors Office of Emergency Services (OES) and Office of Homeland Security (OHS) into a single, streamlined cabinet-level agency and legislation that enhances emergency assistance to disaster victims. † ( oes. ca. gov/) Gubernatorial Power California’s laws limit this power to a large extent with regard to the legislature. A study conducted by Dr. Thad Beyle (Politics in American States – Comparative Analysis) examines gubernatorial power in various areas of function in the 50 states and has compiled the data of those states for certain terms. The governor of CA has maintained a strong position in some areas while vacillating in some, or displaying a considerable decline in others. Using a scale of 1-5 in which 5 is the strongest, statistics maybe examined to see changes / typical / trends in CA 2000 to 2007 Governor’s Budget Power: 3 Governor’s Veto Power: 5 Governor’s Institutional Power: 3. 2 (3. 4 in 2000) The Governor Rating in the year 2000 placed CA’s governor at an overall rating of 3. 4 and a rank of 29 among the nation. What is interesting to note is the rating given to ‘Power of the Legislature to Change Governor’s Budget’ which was 1 on a 1 5 scale in a study conducted by Dr. Thad Beyle. This shows the CA governor as wielding a certain amount of influence in the legislature’s passing of his proposed budget, Of course, the constitution mandates that the budget be balanced and, if not, then the previous year’s budget remain effective. This already puts limitations and expectations in the budget’s formulation. Executive Order Another form of legislation is an executive order. Executive orders as issued by state governors are not laws, but do have the same binding nature. An example of specific power that is vested in the governor and that may not be overridden unless it is in conflict with the Article of the constitution is an Executive order that he can issue in case of an urgent need, Sometimes these orders may become laws. In the face of the economic crisis, drought situations, and emergencies, the governor of CA has issued several orders. ttp://www. californiaprogressreport. com/2008/07/schwarzenegger_81. html December 20, 2008 Controller John Chiang today issued the following statement in response to Governor Schwarzenegger’s executive order to implement furloughs and layoffs: â€Å"This is one of many painful results stemming from the inability of the Governor and Legislature to agree on respon sible solutions†¦. † (Giving a clear view of difference of opinion between the executive and the legislature. ) The order was implemented and the offices are closed on the 1st and 3rd Friday of every month. aliforniaprogressreport. com/2008/12/democrats_respo. html March 12, 2009 The California Universal Health Care Act is nearly identical to legislation (SB 840) that was introduced in 2007 by former Senator Sheila Kuehl. The California Legislature passed SB 840 in 2008, but it was vetoed by Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger. (This legislation would be along the lines of the Obama administration’s plans for healthcare. It will be interesting to watch the outcome since the earlier veto held good. ) californiaprogressreport. com/2009/03/new_bill_by_mar. html July 31, 2008 ttp://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Executive_order_(United_States) In an executive order that is part of the 2009-10 proposed budget, Arnold Schwarzenegger plans to cut down the salaries of 200,000 state workers to the federal minimum wage in the face of the economic crisis. Here we see an excellent example of executive-legislative balance of power. To quote the governor’s response to criticism from the workers, Californians, and elected Democrats,† I have to make sure that we pay our bills and that we have the money. So, there is an executive order that I will be signing on Thursday. The governor also spurned the disapproval of the State Controller Democratic John Chiang for this order, and in reaction to the statement of Democratic State Controller John Chiang regarding the absence of the Governor’s legal authority to make this order and to have the State Controller’s Office comply with it, the Governor said, â€Å"Look, the Controller has his opinion of what he wants to do. He is a constitutional officer and he runs his office his way. I think the law is very clear that he has to follow through and do exactly what our executive order says. We hope that we all work together. †} californiaprogressreport. com/2008/07/schwarzenegger_81. html At this point the Democratic State Controller has used the last effective resort. To seek support from the citizens. John Garamendi, California’s Democratic Lieutenant Governor wrote a letter statement asking the Governor to see it from the perspective of the workers: â€Å"I write to you today regarding the proposed executive order to reduce the minimum wage of 200,000 of Californias state workers to the federal minimum wage of $6. 5 an hour. â€Å"As you contemplate signing this executive order, please ask yourself how would you feed and care for your family on $262 per week ($1,048 per month)? How would your hardworking staff fare on these minimal earnings? Could you and your family do it for one week? â€Å"It is our duty, as elected officials of this great State, to find solutions to the many challenging problems that face California, such as the state budget. Th ose solutions should always look to improve the quality of life for all Californians, not impede it. The question arises, is this partisan decision? Are the parties pitting against each other? The answer lies in the statement issued by the Republicans in response to this position of the Governor: â€Å"Republicans understand the urgency of getting the budget done as soon as possible, which is our main focus right now. We are working very hard to avoid drastic measures like the one that is being proposed. Republicans are committed to crafting a responsible budget plan that reforms our broken system while protecting taxpayers. In this case there is a â€Å"multiple disconnect†. The executive order overrides the need for legislators to play a role, the executive body is at loggerheads at even the highest level, and the majority party does not necessarily support the governor’s decision. Based on the statistics from the past years (Dr. Thad Beyle), the governor’s b udget has almost always received a 5 on the 1-5 scale. Since this order is part of the budget, it will be interesting to note the 2009-10 Budget’s passage. Critical Viewpoint In reality, no democratic system can exist with an absolute separation of powers of the complete absence of the same. It is, therefore, a ‘principle’ that these separate bodies are established on, but their true working involves a common ground and liaison. Arguably, there is no real distinction between the two branches. An analogy has been drawn to compare the working relationship of these to that of an architect, a contractor, and an owner. Professor Karl Manheim and Allan Ides claim that â€Å"the separation among the branches is not and never was intended to be airtight†. Loyola Law School) The veto power is their proof in favor of this argument as it is evidence of â€Å"the executive exercising legislative power†. One might also consider the CA governor’s power to proclaim a â€Å"special session† for action on specific subjects as another form of executive ‘control’ over the legislature. In summation, the legislature has th e power and the executive branch the responsibility to ‘preserve, protect, and defend’ the laws and constitution of the United States. Being vassals of the same master they finally do overlap in their service.

What You Should Know About Plate Tectonics

What You Should Know About Plate Tectonics Plate tectonics is the scientific theory that attempts to explain the movements of the Earths lithosphere that have formed the landscape features we see across the globe today. By definition, the word plate in geologic terms means a large slab of solid rock. Tectonics is a part of the Greek root for to build and together the terms define how the Earths surface is built up of moving plates. The theory of plate tectonics itself says that the Earths lithosphere is made up individual plates that are broken down into over a dozen large and small pieces of solid rock. These fragmented plates ride next to each other on top of the Earths more fluid lower mantle to create different types of plate boundaries that have shaped the Earths landscape over millions of years. History of Plate Tectonics Plate tectonics grew out of a theory that was first developed in the early 20th century by the meteorologist Alfred Wegener. In 1912, Wegener noticed that the coastlines of the east coast of South America and the west coast of Africa seemed to fit together like a jigsaw puzzle. Further examination of the globe revealed that all of the Earths continents fit together somehow and Wegener proposed an idea that all of the continents had at one time been connected in a single supercontinent called Pangaea. He believed that the continents gradually began to drift apart around 300 million years ago - this was his theory that became known as continental drift. The main problem with Wegeners initial theory was that he was unsure of how the continents moved apart from one another. Throughout his research to find a mechanism for continental drift, Wegener came across fossil evidence that gave support to his initial theory of Pangaea. In addition, he came up with ideas as to how continental drift worked in the building of the worlds mountain ranges. Wegener claimed that the leading edges of the Earths continents collided with each other as they moved causing the land to bunch up and form mountain ranges. He used India moving into the Asian continent to form the Himalayas as an example. Eventually, Wegener came up with an idea that cited the Earths rotation and its centrifugal force toward the equator as the mechanism for continental drift. He said that Pangaea started at the South Pole and the Earths rotation eventually caused it to break up, sending the continents toward the equator. This idea was rejected by the scientific community and his theory of continental drift was dismissed as well. In 1929, Arthur Holmes, a British geologist, introduced a theory of thermal convection to explain the movement of the Earths continents. He said that as a substance is heated its density decreases and it rises until it cools sufficiently to sink again. According to Holmes it was this heating and cooling cycle of the Earths mantle that caused the continents to move. This idea gained very little attention at the time. By the 1960s, Holmes idea began to gain more credibility as scientists increased their understanding of the ocean floor via mapping, discovered its mid-ocean ridges and learned more about its age. In 1961 and 1962, scientists proposed the process of seafloor spreading caused by mantle convection to explain the movement of the Earths continents and plate tectonics. Principles of Plate Tectonics Today Scientists today have a better understanding of the make-up of the tectonic plates, the driving forces of their movement, and the ways in which they interact with one another. A tectonic plate itself is defined as a rigid segment of the Earths lithosphere that moves separately from those surrounding it. There are three main driving forces for the movement of the Earths tectonic plates. They are mantle convection, gravity, and the Earths rotation. Mantle convection is the most widely studied method of tectonic plate movement and it is very similar to the theory developed by Holmes in 1929. There are large convection currents of molten material in the Earths upper mantle. As these currents transmit energy to the Earths asthenosphere (the fluid portion of the Earths lower mantle below the lithosphere) new lithospheric material is pushed up toward the Earths crust. Evidence of this is shown at mid-ocean ridges where younger land is pushed up through the ridge, causing the older land to move out and away from the ridge, thus moving the tectonic plates. Gravity is a secondary driving force for the movement of the Earths tectonic plates. At mid-ocean ridges, the elevation is higher than the surrounding ocean floor. As the convection currents within the Earth cause new lithospheric material to rise and spread away from the ridge, gravity causes the older material to sink toward the ocean floor and aid in the movement of the plates. The Earths rotation is the final mechanism for the movement of the Earths plates but it is minor in comparison to mantle convection and gravity. As the Earths tectonic plates move they interact in a number of different ways and they form different types of plate boundaries. Divergent boundaries are where the plates move away from each other and new crust is created. Mid-ocean ridges are an example of divergent boundaries. Convergent boundaries are where the plates collide with one another causing the subduction of one plate beneath the other. Transform boundaries are the final type of plate boundary and at these locations, no new crust is created and none is destroyed. Instead, the plates slide horizontally past one another. No matter the type of boundary though, the movement of the Earths tectonic plates is essential in the formation of the various landscape features we see across the globe today. How Many Tectonic Plates Are on Earth? There are seven major tectonic plates (North America, South America, Eurasia, Africa, Indo-Australian, Pacific, and Antarctica) as well as many smaller, microplates such as the Juan de Fuca plate near the United States state of Washington (map of plates). To learn more about plate tectonics, visit the USGS website This Dynamic Earth: The Story of Plate Tectonics.

Project Budget Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Project Budget - Essay Example They will require a training period of four days each involving five hours of training. The division will facilitate understanding of the new system and legal compliances surrounding the database system. The eventual result is to see the database system link all the data in the three branches belonging to offsite. The entire process will cover an estimated cost of $1000 (Lech, 2013). The budget was arrived at based on the number of the days in the training, the number of trainees and the efficiency the practice would bring. The new system seeks to organize, combine and maintain the data that is essential for operations. The aim is to centralize the firm’s operations that involve human resources, finances, distribution and production into one database system. The training will center on how to protect the database system, how to find out penetrations to the system and how to get out of such a situation. The latter will ensure compliance with the standing laws and regulations to the rules, policies and principles established in the firm. To ascertain the success of the project, will use questionnaires, peer reviews, observation, and interviews. The implementers of the system will be in a position to evaluate how the persons at the operational level are using the system. Critical tasks will involve teaching team leaders the firm’s work-flows. That is vital for the implementation of the system since the persons doing this need to understand the processes in the business (Dobson & Leemann, 2010). That will enable them to customize the system specifically for the needs of the company. Therefore, these persons need to analyze the users needs critically. The training will include training of individuals how to examine processes from their departmental perspectives. The next stage will involve establishing a relationship between the new system being implemented and the old system. New ways of accomplishing the old ways will be taught with

Perioperative practice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Perioperative practice - Essay Example times the patient is not in a position to take decisions regarding health care for reasons such as being under medication, labor, mental illness, so in that case ‘Consent is not needed when patients are incompetent to give it (young children, unconscious patients, etc (Len Doyal, 1997) Research studies have shown that ‘there might be language/literacy problems in obtaining informed consent.’ (Lloyd, Cathy E. and Johnson, et al., 2008) In such cases, the medical faculty gives a thorough explanation of the best procedures to the patient based on her other health related problems. By informing our patient completely on the nature of all the decisions and procedures, in addition to the alternatives and interventions available, she was in a better position to participate in the decision-making process by weighing the pros and cons and finally giving consent because of the legal and ethical right at her disposal. According to (Campbell, et al., 1998) â€Å"Integrated care pathways are structured multidisciplinary care plans which detail essential steps in the care of patients with a specific clinical problem and describe the expected progress of the patient† Understanding on the part of the patient as well as the doctor about the Care planning pathway, puts them in a better position to make preparations before the actual operation can take place. (Scott I, 1999) explains that integrated care pathways â€Å"are an opportunity to identify good practice, remove bad practice, identify and apply evidence, identify education and training needs and appreciate the skills and contributions of all professionals and care sectors.† This step is very important because it helps the patient to understand all the risks and benefits involved in the process and also the areas of ambiguity. After a clear discussion the physician got the consent of our patient on a written document and explained to her that she was not a mere spectator but played a vital role in the decision making

Determining the Intensity of a Memory :: Biology Essays Research Papers

Determining the Intensity of a Memory Two people can have the same exact experience but remember the event differently. This has always amazed me, especially when I am reminiscing with a friend and our memories of our relationship are slightly different. For example, we went on a road trip to the shore and when I recall the vacation, my first thought is of the car ride and how much fun it was. My friend thinks of our night at Seaside Heights. It isn't that I have repressed the memory of the rickety old rides and carnival games, I just don't think of that part of the vacation first. For some reason, the experience of singing along with our "road trip" cassette tape with our hair blowing in the wind made more of an impression on me. There are obviously different kinds of memories. There are memories concerning facts and figures, learned skills, emotions, faces, survival skills, long term, short term, vacations, etc. All of these types of memories are different for all people, and are different from experience to experience . This is due to the fact that the brain is always changing, and no two situations are identical. This is further clarified by the cliche; "You only get one chance to make a first impression." Once a person has an experience, her brain is permanently altered. Memory is a vast topic and only the very surface will be scratched here. Several areas are mentioned, repressed memories and False Memory Syndrome, and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. These topics enabled me to learn how some memories are purposely "forgotten", how memories effect behavior in the aftermath, and what dictates memory storage. Two structures of the brain linked to memory are the hippocampus and amygdala. Both are discussed with respect to their role in memory storage and what trends are noticed in subjects who are damaged in some manner either by experience or for the purposes of research. All this information is used to address the following question. Why are some experiences remembered so clearly and vividly while others are completely forgotten? As I mentioned above in my personal anecdote, some memories seem to be "at the back of the mind" and are not recalled as strongly as others. Repressed memory is an extreme example of this. The person basically forgets a traumatic experience and this is associated with victims of physical and sexual assault, rape, and other devastatingly traumatic experiences. Determining the Intensity of a Memory :: Biology Essays Research Papers Determining the Intensity of a Memory Two people can have the same exact experience but remember the event differently. This has always amazed me, especially when I am reminiscing with a friend and our memories of our relationship are slightly different. For example, we went on a road trip to the shore and when I recall the vacation, my first thought is of the car ride and how much fun it was. My friend thinks of our night at Seaside Heights. It isn't that I have repressed the memory of the rickety old rides and carnival games, I just don't think of that part of the vacation first. For some reason, the experience of singing along with our "road trip" cassette tape with our hair blowing in the wind made more of an impression on me. There are obviously different kinds of memories. There are memories concerning facts and figures, learned skills, emotions, faces, survival skills, long term, short term, vacations, etc. All of these types of memories are different for all people, and are different from experience to experience . This is due to the fact that the brain is always changing, and no two situations are identical. This is further clarified by the cliche; "You only get one chance to make a first impression." Once a person has an experience, her brain is permanently altered. Memory is a vast topic and only the very surface will be scratched here. Several areas are mentioned, repressed memories and False Memory Syndrome, and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. These topics enabled me to learn how some memories are purposely "forgotten", how memories effect behavior in the aftermath, and what dictates memory storage. Two structures of the brain linked to memory are the hippocampus and amygdala. Both are discussed with respect to their role in memory storage and what trends are noticed in subjects who are damaged in some manner either by experience or for the purposes of research. All this information is used to address the following question. Why are some experiences remembered so clearly and vividly while others are completely forgotten? As I mentioned above in my personal anecdote, some memories seem to be "at the back of the mind" and are not recalled as strongly as others. Repressed memory is an extreme example of this. The person basically forgets a traumatic experience and this is associated with victims of physical and sexual assault, rape, and other devastatingly traumatic experiences.

The play ‘The Birthday Party’ Analysis

The play ‘The Birthday Party' is about an everyday, domestic lifestyle/ characters with mixed emotions. The whole play is based on a boarding house with one guest, Stanley. It starts off with the owners, Meg and Petey, leading a normal day with Stanley. Two men come to look at the house to stay and Stanley gets nervous. The two men, McCann and Goldberg hold Stanley's birthday party and make it a living hell! Throughout the play McCann shows signs of confusion and innocence at the task-in-hand. However this is not always the case, for example McCann, later on in the play, attempts to strike Stanley with a chair. When McCann and Goldberg arrive at the boarding house in Act 1, McCann states, ‘what are we doing here Nat?' this gives off signals that McCann is there as Goldberg's aid and not a leading figure. As the play goes on, the audience may start to feel sorry for Stanley due to unfortunate circumstances and more hatred and dislike towards Goldberg and McCann for making him feel so negative. McCann: He killed his wife! Goldberg: Why did you kill your wife? Stanley: What wife? (Back turned, facing the audience) The above quote shows how McCann and Goldberg continue to bully Stanley. Pinter uses the language in the above quote as if McCann and Goldberg were ‘pressing' Stanley for information and as if Stanley found it hard to lie whilst looking at them so he turned his back. The prospect of McCann being more innocent may counter the dislike and tempt the audience to feel sorry for McCann as he gets dragged deeper and deeper into the unknown. Pinter does this to, yet again, represents the plays psychotic nature and obscure mentality. Read also Analysis of Characters in Flannery O’Connor’s â€Å"The Life You Save May Be Your Own† At the beginning of act two McCann is said to be sitting at a table tearing newspapers into 5 equal strips. This may make the audience uncomfortable as it is a rather curious thing to do and may make the audience paranoid as to why he is doing this and what he is thinking as it never tells you this in the play. Stanley picks up a strip of paper McCann moves in McCann: Mind that. McCann clearly has a motive for tearing the paper or he wouldn't mind it being touched. It is a fine example of the plays paranormal mentality. Also Pinter wrote McCann's line like this to make the audience uncomfortable as it is a rather subtle, commanding statement. During Stanley's birthday party in act 2, McCann offers to take Stanley's glasses for him during a game of blind mans buff Stanley stand blindfold. McCann backs slowly across the stage to the left. He breaks Stanley's glasses, snapping the frames. McCann picks up the drum and places it in Stanley's path Stanley walks over and puts his foot through it. Here McCann proves to be quite a bully and may convince the audience to feel disgust towards him, due to the audiences feeling towards the main character, Stanley, countering the possible sorrow from earlier on in the play. Pinter may do this to make sure that the audience can never set on a real feeling for McCann which may add to the ‘fog' of confusion surrounding the play. As a conclusion I think that McCann is a character the brings emotion and excitement and you can never really settle on a feeling for him

Pornography Men Possessing Women - 1614 Words

In 1981 Andrea Dworkin, a radical feminist, a supporter of the anti-pornography movement, and writer, released Pornography: Men Possessing Women, later referred to here as MPW. In her book, Dworkin delivers an extensive and emotionally-charged critique of pornography as an industry that profits from the perpetuation of harm against women, analyzing examples of both historical and contemporary pornography to make her case. Key to this analysis is the declaration of male power. According to Dworkin, this power is maintained by men themselves as well as society as a whole through means of reinforcing a metaphysical assertion of self, physical strength, the capacity to terrorize, the power of naming, the power of owning, the power of money,†¦show more content†¦However, no explanation is given for how the connection between pornographic representations and beliefs or physical actions is made. As Demare, Lips and Briere note in their study of the relationship between pornography and violence, as much as we may want it to, correlation does not prove a causal relationship. While MPW demonstrates the prevalence of sexual abuse within pornographic material and within society, the only explanation as to how the consumption of pornography is directly related to violence against women amounts to little more than an extended, poetic variation of â€Å"monkey see, monkey do†. Dworkin’s information on pornography-based violence, as she states in the introduction of her book, is partially based on one-step-removed accounts of pornography by â€Å"only a few of the thousands† of women who she says to have known personally, all of which blame porn as the catalyst of their sexual assault. Other sources include novels, pornographic fiction, excerpts from the biographies of Marquis de Sade and Marilyn Monroe, and excerpts from ‘scientific’ works by Alfred Kinsey and his co-workers - none of which contain a sex-positive perspective on femal e sexuality. Dworkin’s sources, listed in the ‘Notes’ section of her book, are many, and paint a heart-wrenching image of pornography and female heterosexuality at the time of the book’s publication. One cannot deny the extent to which women endured family sexual abuse, rape, battery, and coercion during theShow MoreRelatedA Realm Of Pure Bliss1603 Words   |  7 Pagesoffensive, she immersed herself into the tacit realm of patriarchy, seeking to enlighten and expose the sinister sexual methodologies of man that preserve the role of women as besmirched objects of male indulgence and exploitation. 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